Identify prediabetes and take action
Prediabetes is a slight increase in blood sugar and at the same time a signal for action. An increase in sugar results in a violation of the body's ability to convert carbohydrates - sweet and starchy foods, such as fruits, bread, or vegetables - into the energy needed to function.
In most cases, type 2 diabetes begins with prediabetes. People with diabetes usually have to follow medical prescriptions throughout their lives to control the disease.
To avoid this, you must examine your lifestyle and the foods you consume. If you act quickly, you may be able to avoid or postpone the onset of type 2 diabetes.
According to statistics, if you have problems with being overweight, then the risk of developing diabetes increases by 2 to 10 times, depending on the degree of obesity.
In such cases, our portal pro-diabet.net recommends a medical examination twice a year. This will reduce the risk of developing diseases and complications associated with being overweight.
Why Carbohydrate Problems Occur
The problem is not in the carbohydrates themselves, but in how the body uses them to produce energy. Diabetes is commonly referred to as a metabolic disorder since the process of transforming food into energy is known as metabolism.
To explain why carbohydrate problems occur, let’s first consider a healthy person’s metabolism. In his body, carbohydrates are converted into glucose and other monosaccharides (simple sugars) in the stomach and small intestine.
From these organs, glucose enters the bloodstream. Blood carries it through the body, it appears in the liver, and fat cells, where it is deposited to be used later or immediately converted into energy.
Thus glucose enters the cells of the body, providing energy to the muscles, heart, and brain, and participates in maintaining a constant temperature.
In healthy people, it secretes a lot of hormones, including insulin. As prediabetes progresses, the pancreas either does not create enough insulin or the insulin that is produced does not function properly.
The reason for the increase in blood sugar with a sufficient amount of pancreatic hormone is produced, as a rule, insulin resistance of cells. In all cases, some of the glucose remains in the blood and cannot be converted into energy.
Latent diabetes
Prediabetes, which doctors also call latent diabetes mellitus, is not considered a form of diabetes. The reason for this conclusion may be a slight increase in blood sugar, but not high enough for the diagnosis of diabetes.
Is impaired glucose tolerance dangerous?
This condition does not cause complications associated with diabetes, for example, such as kidney failure. However doctors are convinced that patients with impaired tolerance have a high risk of raising their blood pressure and raising their blood cholesterol levels to dangerous levels - that is, the causes of coronary heart disease.
How is prediabetes diagnosed?
The diagnosis of latent diabetes is made only based on blood tests because in the vast majority of cases in the history of patients the symptoms that indicate pathology are not
- whether there are close relatives with diabetes;
- whether there is excess weight;
- what age group the patient is in;
- Does a person burn from hypertension and atherosclerosis;
- whether strokes or heart attacks were present in life;
- if the patient is a woman with children, determine the weight of the child at birth (more than 4 kg, risk of developing type 2 in the mother).
In case of detection of increased indicators in the test results, you should contact an endocrinologist immediately. After all, the disease is much easier and more effective to treat in the initial stage. We recommend that you get your own glucometer, which will allow you to measure carbohydrate metabolism at home.
What you can’t eat with prediabetes
First of all, these are fast carbs, but fats are no less dangerous for overweight people. Fats are the most caloric, in 1 gram of fat 9 kcal, and in proteins, for example, 4 kcal.
Sausages, sausages, sausages, lard, mayonnaise, butter - are excluded from the diet. Vegetable oil is 100% fat and the most caloric product in the diet of the average inhabitant of the planet. If possible, heat treatment involving vegetable oil should be removed.
Can prediabetes be cured?
Latent diabetes does not automatically translate into type 2 diabetes. In case of confirmation of the analysis, it is very important to review your diet and exclude foods saturated with fast carbohydrates and fats.
After all, they are a deadly poison, slowly killing your pancreas. Such products should be transferred to the festive menu, replacing them with vegetables and fruits.
If you have been diagnosed with prediabetes, people with normal blood glucose are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. Taking control of your cholesterol and blood pressure will reduce your risk of developing heart disease and large blood vessels.
Also, active walks will be a good help in the fight against diabetes, and cycling and swimming will be moderate. Studies show that gardening and snow clearing also have a positive effect. Only a balanced diet and weight loss can affect your body and morale.
Seven rules to prevent prediabetes from turning into diabetes
Move more!
The development of diabetes becomes less likely if you become physically active.
"If you haven't exercised by then, start exercising daily. You can climb stairs more often or stretch while watching your favorite TV show," recommends Patti Gale, a master of science, nutritionist, and author of "What Am I Eating Now?"
“Physical activity is an important part of a prediabetes treatment plan because it lowers blood glucose and reduces body fat,” Gale says.
Ideally, you should train at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week. Tell your doctor about your training progress. Make sure you have exercise restrictions.
Lose weight
If you are overweight, you may not have to lose a lot of weight.
Participants in one study had prediabetes and lost only 5% to 7% of their initial body weight (4.5 to 6 kilograms and 90 kilograms of their original body weight), reducing the risk of diabetes by 58%.
See a doctor more often
"Visit an endocrinologist every 3-6 months," recommends Dr. Garrett.
If you work hard to prevent the development of diabetes, then you can get extra support from your doctor. If you do not have enough motivation to control your condition, your doctor will help you get back on track.
"Patients are real evidence of success or failure," says Garrett.
Eat better
Include vegetables in your diet, especially the least starchy ones, such as spinach and other leafy vegetables, broccoli, carrots, and green beans. Eat at least three servings of this vegetable a day.
Add fiber-rich foods to your diet.
Fruit must be eaten in moderation - 1 to 3 meals a day.
Choose whole grains, not processed foods, such as brown rice instead of white.
Also, replace high-calorie foods. “Choose skim milk, not whole, diet soda instead of the usual,” Gale recommends. "Replace low-fat, low-fat cheese with yogurt and salad dressings."
"Instead of high-fat snacks - chips and desserts, choose fresh fruit or crackers made from whole grains of peanut butter or low-fat cheese," says Gale.
Make your dream a priority
“Regular lack of sleep prevents weight loss,” says Teresa Garnero, author of My First Year with Diabetes.
Lack of sleep also prevents the body from using insulin effectively and increases the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes.
Develop good habits for quality sleep. Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. Relax before turning off the lights. Don’t watch TV, don’t use a computer or smartphone before bed. Avoid caffeine after dinner if you have trouble sleeping.
Losing weight, dieting, and exercising is much easier if you have people willing to take responsibility and encourage you,” says Ronald T. Ackerman, Ph.D. and Master of Science in Public Health, Associate Professor at Indiana University School of Medicine.
Consider joining a community where you can lead a healthy lifestyle with like-minded people.
An experienced diabetes teacher can also help you learn about the steps you need to take to prevent prediabetes from becoming diabetes. You can find teachers in various schools of diabetes.
Stick to your chosen path!
It is important to maintain the right attitude.
Admit that you are not doing everything right every day, but promise to do your best most of the time.
“Make conscious choices to be consistent in your daily life. It is in the interest of your health, ”Garnero urges.“ Tell yourself that you will do everything in your power to change your usual way of life every day. ”These efforts will pay off.
prediabetes
Signs of prediabetes in women and men
Prediabetes is that person when there is no disease yet, but the amount of sugar in the blood on an empty stomach slightly exceeds the norm (maximum norm 5.5 mmol / L) and is 5.6 - 6.5.
Diabetes is diagnosed with an indicator of 7 mmol / l on an empty stomach. Prediabetes is also detected during a glucose tolerance test. If glucose tolerance is impaired, type 2 diabetes develops.
The main signs that you have diabetes.
- Fatigue for no apparent reason. You have rarely worked, but you are already feeling physically exhausted. And a year ago you didn’t feel a similar burden.
- Sharp weight gain. This is typical for type 2 diabetes.
- Great weight gain during pregnancy, when the need for insulin exceeds the body's ability to shape it.
- Weight loss in type 1 diabetes is because insulin is not enough to absorb nutrients.
- Insatiable thirst (polydipsia) occurs due to a large loss of water in the urine and an increase in osmotic pressure in the blood. At the same time, dry mouth remains after fluid intake.
- Increased and insatiable appetite (polyphagia). Patients constantly feel hungry and cannot get enough of them. This is because the ingredients cannot absorb glucose from the blood in the absence of insulin. It is the so-called "hunger for enough".
- Often excessive urination (polyuria). This is due to the increase in the osmotic pressure of the urine due to the glucose contained in it (which does not normally exist) and the body is trying to get rid of it.
- Visual impairment. It's getting vague.
- Vaginal candidiasis. Abdomen, which for a long time practically does not respond to treatment.
- Sexual nausea, menstrual irregularities.
- Long non-healing wounds and purulent complications, furunculosis. This is because the energy hunger of the cell leads to increased decomposition of proteins, using them as an energy source. There is a lack of protein, and as a result, the immune system suffers because proteins are needed to produce cells that provide an immune defense.
- Itching and dryness of the skin on certain parts of the body, in connection with which people turn to dermatologists and gynecologists, but the problem still exists.
- Looseness and bleeding gums, periodontal disease, tooth loss.
- Tingling and numbness of the limbs.
- Low resistance to infections and frequent complications.
- Skin disease is black acanthosis, characterized by dark, thickened skin on the neck and armpits, small areas of hyperpigmentation of skin fold without pronounced skin roughness, in large skin folds. Patients usually complain of an asymptomatic "dirty" appearance of skin folds that cannot be removed by rinsing.
- Blood sugar test. Sometimes there are still no visible signs of diabetes, and the disease is discovered accidentally during a blood test. Currently, there is still such an indicator of sugar levels as glycated hemoglobin. This is hemoglobin associated with glucose.
Therefore, the higher the blood glucose, the higher this indicator. The level of glycated hemoglobin can be judged by blood sugar levels in the last 3 months.
According to Regulation No. 56742, every diabetic can get a unique medicine at a special price!
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Institute of Diabetology Tatiana Yakovleva
Prediabetically states what it is
A huge number of modern people over the age of 45 live with prediabetes without even realizing it. The symptoms of this condition can be interpreted as discomfort caused by being overweight or age-related ailments.
And all because pre-diabetes occurs mainly in middle-aged overweight people who do not follow their diet and lead a sedentary lifestyle.
Obesity, especially visceral, contributes to the development of insulin resistance - in the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin. As a result, the hormone, which is still properly produced by the pancreas, cannot carry glucose to the muscles and liver, even if it needs it.
It is important to note that muscles with low mobility do not fully use their glycogen stores and do not turn to "storage" - the liver for that.
This reduces glucose consumption and continues to come with food, often in excess. With a constant excess of glucose, the pancreas begins to "work in three shifts," increasing insulin production.
This helps to almost deal with sugar for a while, keeping blood levels normal (up to 6.9 mmol / l). This is a condition before diabetes, but it is not a disease yet.
If you recognize the problem in time and take action, you can normalize carbohydrate metabolism. Otherwise, insulin resistance of the tissue will increase, and an overloaded pancreas will begin to reduce insulin production.
Blood sugar will exceed the upper limit of acceptable values, and type 2 diabetes will begin.
Despite the reversibility of prediabetes, it is just as dangerous as diabetes itself. After all, blood glucose levels are increased, albeit slightly. Risk of serious complications of the cardiovascular system, blindness, severe infections, and cancer
Therefore, it is extremely important to diagnose the pathology in time and start treatment.
Risk factors
The symptoms that can cause the disease can vary significantly in different categories of patients. Symptoms of prediabetes in women can be:
- the birth of a child weighing more than 4 kg;
- the birth of a child with various pathologies;
- miscarriage;
- ovarian disease (polycystic).
An increased risk of prediabetes is observed in men and women over the age of 45 who are overweight. Symptoms of prediabetes in men are much rarer than in women. Young people are endangered and threatened.
The causes of prediabetes can also increase and, as already mentioned, genetic predisposition.
Scientists have proven that representatives of certain races are prone to prediabetes. The Caucasian race does not have such a predisposition. If the child has one of the parents - a representative of the negroid or Asian race, then the risk of disease increases.
0 Comments