Diabetic Foot Care Shoes

 

Fitness shoes for patients with diabetes should be loose enough and have a gap between the toes and the toe of the shoe to prevent curls and toe squeezing. Socks should always be clean, they don’t have to fit your feet tightly, but at the same time, they shouldn’t be wrinkled.

Due to reduced limb sensitivity, diabetics are at increased risk of injury and ulceration of the legs. Use special creams, and foot ointments, which reduce the friction that causes ulcers.

Overweight people run the risk of injuring their feet with subsequent complications due to increased joint strain during exercise, including manipulating their weight. In such situations, other aerobic exercises are recommended, such as swimming and cycling.

Blood sugar control

Before you begin exercising, you should ensure that your blood sugar level is normal, i.e. under control.  "Controlled" means that before exercising, the diabetic consumed the recommended amount of carbohydrates and injected enough insulin intravenously to keep blood sugar levels close to normal.

Diabetes and diet

People with diabetes have a higher chance of getting heart disease and should follow certain eating guidelines. These tips are similar to those for everyone, but diabetics need to pay extra attention to them. What and how much they eat greatly affects their health.

1. When calculating calorie intake, aim to reach and maintain a healthy weight.

2. Carbohydrates should be approximately 55-60% of total caloric intake.

3. The amount of fiber consumed should be increased and refined carbohydrates reduced.

4. Consume only 0.4 g of protein per 0.5 kg of body weight.

5. Fat intake should be limited to 30% of total calorie intake. Of that, saturated fat should not be more than 10%.

6. Salt intake should be limited to 1 g per 1000 calories, not over 3 g per day.

7. Alcohol can be consumed very moderately.

With diabetes, you can’t exercise on an empty stomach. You need to eat for 2-3 hours before training. Permitted long-acting carbohydrates must be present in meals. This is a vegetable and unsweetened fruit.

It is worth noting that the effectiveness of physical exercise in diabetes mellitus should strictly adhere to the diet, completely excluding sugar, bread, and alcohol from the diet.

Medications before or after training can be used only after consulting a doctor and according to his prescription. In addition, you must ask your doctor about the possibility of consuming sports nutrition and beverages.

Exercise for diabetes

Regular physical activity with diabetes is not only a pleasant pastime but a way to heal your body. Fitness for diabetes has become one of the methods of its treatment and an integral part of the necessary therapy.

Cardio training saves lives, and strength training makes it valuable.

Gradual weight loss with regular exercise can lead to the release of the pancreas from abnormal fats and allow it to work at full capacity. Second, physical activity helps to naturally normalize blood sugar levels.

Exercises for patients with diabetes are divided into strength training and cardio. Strength exercises include lifting weights, ie bodybuilding, and also physical exercises with your own weight - push-ups and squats.

Cardio training strengthens the cardiovascular system, normalizes blood pressure, and prevents heart attacks. Their list includes fitness, running, swimming, cycling, skiing, rowing, etc. Of all these options, the most convenient and well-developed practice is relaxed running for patients with diabetes.

It is never too late to start fitness with diabetes because fitness contributes to the good physical shape and a good mood.

Basics of diabetes

If you have diabetes, it means that your body is unable to control your blood glucose levels. Usually, after eating, food is digested and broken down into molecules that are easily absorbed into the blood. Glucose is one such molecule. 

Glucose is a simple sugar that is made from the carbohydrates you eat. Glucose must be present in the blood in sufficient quantities because the brain and nerves use it as fuel. 

If you have ever experienced a reaction to low blood glucose, i.e. hypoglycemia, or “hypo,” then you know what effect it has on your ability to think and behave normally. 

This reaction occurs if the blood glucose level falls below 3.6 mmol / L (or below 65 mg / 100 ml if US units are used). So, if, for example, you are thinking, which is equal to twice two, then you may have a "hypo".

In a person without diabetes, when glucose levels rise above normal (3.9-5.5 mmol / L), the pancreas secretes a hormone called insulin, and glucose levels fall. Insulin acts by binding to receptors in muscle and adipose tissue, the primary site of glucose storage. 

In the case of diabetes, the pancreas' ability to produce insulin is significantly reduced (lack or absence of insulin) or the insulin does not work effectively and cannot lower blood glucose levels to normal (with a change in insulin structure or with an increase in body insulin resistance, ie with "resistance").

 insulin in the body ", that is - the body's sensitivity to insulin decreases). In both cases, your sugar rises after meals, after stress, or during illness. 

Your liver is responsible for ensuring sufficient blood glucose levels. In many patients with diabetes, the liver becomes resistant to insulin and releases too much glucose into the bloodstream - especially at night when a person is not eating anything. 

Glucose continues to enter the bloodstream from the liver, but since the reuptake of glucose into the liver is disrupted, blood glucose levels rise above normal.

Although a patient with diabetes feels better with “slightly” elevated sugar than with hypo, a prolonged rise in blood sugar leads to serious complications. Therefore, increased sugar should be avoided. 

Complications of diabetes include heart disease, sudden death, stroke, and trophic ulcers, leading to the need for limb amputation, joint problems, blindness, and kidney failure; in women the pathology of pregnancy and childbirth. 

We now know that maintaining normal blood sugar levels helps prevent most if not all, complications of diabetes. Exercise, proper nutrition, effective use of medication, and a device for measuring blood glucose (glucometer) will help us in this.

Risks and precautions vary depending on the type of diabetes, so it is important to learn to understand these differences before moving on to the details of training plans.