In healthy people, the level of sugar in the blood is in the range of 3.3-5.5 mmol / l, but during the day, as a result of physiological processes in the body (which are mainly related to digestion), the level of sugar can vary in a wider range. Therefore, if the blood test results show figures of about 6 mmol / L, you should not draw conclusions about the presence of diabetes in a person.
Causes of high blood sugar
How to lower blood sugar
Elevated sugar levels can be noticed in a completely healthy person. The reason for this may be such phenomena as:
- Psychological stress, stress,
- Excessive foods rich in carbohydrates
- Intensive exercise
- Sharp intense pain due to trauma.
Sometimes some diseases that are not directly related to endocrinology and metabolism can also increase blood sugar, namely:
- Attack of acute rheumatic pain (or pain)
- Myocardial infarction or angina attack,
- Epileptic seizure
- Severe burns,
- Liver disease
- Traumatic brain injuries
- Surgery on the abdomen or duodenum.
In addition, prescribed medications can also lead to an increase in blood sugar, which is due to the use of glucocorticosteroids, strong diuretics, oral contraceptives, and psychotropic substances.
It is important to note that after eliminating or stopping these causes, the blood sugar level will normalize on its own, and quickly enough. Therefore, all of the above are considered physiological causes of a short rise in blood sugar.
It would be logical to assume that there are situations when blood sugar rises due to certain pathologies associated with metabolism, and then we will talk about a prolonged increase in blood sugar.
How to lower blood sugar
In this case, you just have to talk about a disease like diabetes. There are two types of diabetes: primary and secondary.
Primary diabetes is divided into the first and second types. In the first type of disease, the beta cells of the pancreas responsible for the production of the hormone insulin, which is designed to use the glucose that enters the body with food, are completely or partially destroyed.
We immediately note that constant and regular injections of insulin are necessary to maintain the normal functioning of the body with type 1 diabetes, which is the treatment of this disease.
In type 2 diabetes, the sensitivity of the cells to insulin decreases, so sugar-lowering tablets are used as treatment, and in some cases, it is necessary to switch to insulin injections.
In addition, there is a secondary type of diabetes when the activity of so-called counter-hormonal hormones, which can increase blood glucose levels, increases. Such hormones include somatotropic hormone (or growth hormone), glucagon, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine, as well as adrenaline.
Symptoms of high glucose
How to lower blood sugar
- Thirst, dry mouth, increased fluid intake, increased urination,
- Itchy skin, boiling, poor healing of skin wounds,
- Weakness, lethargy, fatigue,
- Weight loss due to increased appetite,
- Headache and blurred vision
- Frequent infections reduce immunity.
How to lower blood sugar
As already mentioned, with a physiological increase in blood glucose, no specific treatment is required, because after eliminating the cause of hyperglycemia, blood sugar independently returns to normal.
As for diabetes, in any of its manifestations, a thorough examination is required, after which only an endocrinologist can prescribe the appropriate treatment.
However, it is very useful to know which foods can significantly contribute to the normalization of blood glucose. Let's look at this in detail.
You will need to exclude sugar and foods "up to the eyeballs" filled with carbohydrates: bread, potatoes, pasta, bananas, grapes, raisins, and figs.
And special attention will need to pay attention to products such as cabbage, eggplant, grapefruit, blueberries, Jerusalem artichoke, onion, lettuce, celery, spinach, beans, sweet peppers, tomatoes, garlic, asparagus, cucumbers, radishes, zucchini, beets, zucchini, horseradish garlic, and mountain ash. Sour milk products, apples, and sourberry varieties are also very useful.
It is very good to use these products in their raw form, stew them, or cook them, but frying is not recommended. And, of course, it makes no sense to limit yourself to eating protein foods: meat, fish, poultry, cheese, and eggs.
Traditional Recipes
Many simple folk methods effectively help normalize blood glucose. Here are some of them:
- Onion or garlic tincture: finely chop the peeled onion (or garlic arrows), pour a glass of room temperature water over it, and let it simmer for at least 2.5 hours. Take a third of a glass three times daily before meals.
- It is good to eat a small roasted onion on an empty stomach every morning.
- Infusions with bay leaf, linden blossom, blueberry leaves, black currant, nettle, rosehip, and hawthorn. Crush two tablespoons of any of these herbs, then pour in a glass of hot water and steep for 30 minutes. Drink a third of a glass three times a day before meals.
- Crush 1 kg of lemon zest, 300 g of parsley, and 350 g of garlic in a meat grinder or mixer. The mixture is insisted on for 5 days, take a spoonful three times a day for half an hour before meals.
- Peel a squash, grate it, and squeeze the juice. Take a tablespoon 3-4 times a day.
First of all, you should never panic if you discover elevated blood sugar levels. Modern medicine has already found and continues to search for all-new ways to maintain normal sugar levels, so it is not difficult today. You just need to reconsider your attitude towards life and start taking your health a little more seriously.
And Dolce Vita, or the sweet life, is possible without excessive sweets in the diet.
Factors that increase glucose
The pancreas is one of the most significant organs that controls blood sugar levels because it produces the hormone insulin in the amount required by the body. Any problem or interruption in the pancreas' regular functioning can impact glucose levels.
Elevated blood sugar levels may manifest due to various influencing factors, including but not limited to:
- An ordinary occurrence involves the elevation of blood sugar levels beyond the typical range following a meal.
- In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the pancreas struggles to generate sufficient insulin, or the cells exhibit resistance to this crucial hormone.
- A normal, non-pathological phenomenon is raising the indicator above the norm after a meal.
- Severe stressful situations or nervous shocks.
- Improper diet, which is manifested in the consumption of fast food, fast food, or abuse of confectionery and other sweet products. In addition, frequent overeating raises blood sugar very quickly, because it increases the load on the pancreas.
- Presence of bad habits on human health - smoking and alcoholism.
- Heavy physical work or excessive loads in the gym.
- During premenstrual syndrome in women
- Various infectious diseases, especially chronic
- In the presence of low insulin levels
- Endocrine disorders.
- Liver and kidney disease.
- Use of certain groups of drugs.
Hormones, psychotropic drugs, and birth control pills are among the drugs that can raise blood sugar.
How does the symptomatology manifest itself?
Elevated glucose levels can be recognized by paying attention to the symptoms and signs that the body is giving. Key indicators that may indicate an increase in sugar include the following:
Thirst begins to constantly torment a person, and the amount of fluid consumed increases significantly. The kidneys begin to work more actively on processing excess sugar.
During the urine analysis, sugar can be detected in the urine, which is not noticed under normal conditions.
The urge to urinate. They become especially noticeable at night. Itchy skin may appear all over the body. At the same time, women generally complain of the appearance of such a symptom in the perineum.
Severe headaches and dizziness may occur. In addition, symptoms may include severe swelling of the tissues, muscle pain, and cramps in the calf.
Occasionally there is a feeling of stiffness in the extremities. Development of skin problems, blemishes, redness, or rash. Deterioration of sexual function may occur in men.
It should be noted that similar symptoms may occur with the development of diabetes.
As a result, if you have high blood sugar, you should have all of the necessary tests done and talk to your doctor about ways to lower it.
Drugs to normalize blood sugar
Numerous medications can be used to control high blood sugar levels. These medications are frequently used to treat diabetes. In addition, nutritional supplements based on herbs have recently gained popularity.
Consultation with a physician is required to determine how to lower plasma blood sugar. The patient's general condition and the presence of any accompanying diseases are taken into consideration when the doctor prescribes the necessary medication.
Certain groups of drugs have a reduction in effect.
Drugs from the group of sulfonylurea derivatives. Such drugs have the property of smoothly lowering glucose levels and do not cause sharp fluctuations in them.
In addition, a great advantage of this group of drugs is their easy tolerance for most patients. The most popular representatives of such drugs are Glibenclamide and Gliclazide. As a rule, the tablets should be used twice a day in a dose prescribed by your doctor.
Drugs from the biguanide group can also quickly lower blood sugar and have a long-lasting effect. They do not contribute to insulin production but have a declining effect on glucose. It is necessary to choose the right dose when taking such drugs to avoid various side effects.
The advantage of such drugs is that they are available in different doses. The most famous drugs from the group of biguanides are Siofor, Gliformin, and Glyukofazh.
Insulin-lowering drugs. Insulin therapy is used if it is urgent to lower blood sugar levels in patients such as insulin addicts. Insulin is not available in tablet form. Today, the drug can be used in the form of injections.
Administering insulin is crucial in managing individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aiding in the regulation of elevated blood glucose levels to restore normalcy.
Traditional sugar reduction
In agreement with the detective doctor, you can use various traditional medicines as a means of normalizing blood glucose levels. Most of these recipes can be made from food that is always at hand.
The following methods have been shown to lower blood sugar:
Blueberries and leaves are actively used in complex treatment. You can make an excellent decoction of blueberry leaves to reduce sugar, and unsweetened vitamin compote is suitable for berries.
Strawberry leaves need to be grown like tea. Regular intake of such a drink has a beneficial effect on the body, has anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic, and diuretic properties, and removes swelling.
Reduction of blood sugar can be achieved if you drink a decoction based on the leaves and roots of primrose. In addition, parsley has a beneficial effect on cleansing blood vessels.
Bay leaf has long been used in disorders of the normal functioning of the pancreas and can quickly lower blood sugar.
Oat decoction is often taken by patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. To prepare it, you need to take a glass of peeled grains and pour boiling water in half a liter, let it simmer on low heat for 15 minutes, and then leave it to insist for about an hour. The filtered drink is drunk daily in half a glass on an empty stomach.
Such a component as zinc has an excellent effect on lowering sugar. It is found in the following food groups - oysters, shellfish, tofu cheese, chickpeas, beans, or lentils. Therefore, it is recommended to eat meals based on these products regularly.
Proper nutrition to normalize glucose
It is not in vain that diet therapy is one of the main components for normalizing blood sugar levels. It is not enough to just take antipyretic drugs to return glucose levels to normal.
The usual way of life needs to be reconsidered. These aspects include the introduction of daily physical activity to acceptable standards, as well as adherence to a special diet.
Nutritional nutrition is based on the following basic principles:
- Get overeating.
- Eat small meals five to six times a day.
- Completely give up products that are in the banned group.
- Drink plenty of fluids in the form of herbal teas or unsweetened compotes.
- The basis of the diet should be foods of plant origin.
When compiling the daily menu, it is better to use special tables that indicate the glycemic index of the product. Preference should be given to those components where such an indicator is minimal.
In the presence of high blood sugar, it is necessary to abandon foods with a high glycemic index:
- Sugar and confectionery, including bakeries and confectioneries.
- Canned food, practical food, and instant food.
- Fatty and fried foods.
- Pork and beef (must be replaced by lean poultry or lean fish).
- Pasta, rice, and semolina.
Instead of the above products, you should give preference to such foods as:
- Seafood.
- Fresh vegetables and herbs. Spinach, cucumbers, and zucchini should take a special place in the daily menu.
- Some types of unsweetened fruit.
- Legumes and cereals. Buckwheat porridge should take a special place in the diet, this dish helps to normalize high blood sugar. For example, you can cook porridge with kefir with a little fat for breakfast.
As a drink, you can give preference to rose broth, which is rich in vitamins and minerals, and also has a beneficial effect on the work of many organs and systems. They will also benefit from the use of vegetable juices - potatoes, carrots, pumpkins, or tomatoes.
Keep in mind that high blood sugar is often the result of obesity. Diet therapy can eliminate the symptoms and the cause of its appearance.
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