Chronic pyelonephritis with diabetes, especially type 2, is very common. This inflammation of the kidneys is characterized by the development of infectious microorganisms in the urinary system, a significant amount of glucose in the urine, frequent urination, discomfort, and pain in the kidneys. This pathology in diabetics has a hidden and easy course. Nevertheless, it requires timely and adequate therapy.
With long-term diabetes in patients, the immune system is greatly weakened, resulting in many secondary diseases joining the underlying disease. Some of them develop as complications, others as independently related diseases. Diabetics often suffer from kidneys, heart, and blood vessels. The main causes of pyelonephritis in diabetics:
Power supply:
- systematic use of easily digestible carbohydrates;
- regular overeating, obesity;
- the presence of an overabundance of protein in the diet;
- Destruction of capillary walls and walls of small blood vessels throughout the body due to excessive glucose levels;
- Destruction of renal vessels caused by high pressure in the kidneys;
- Atherosclerosis.
Genetic predisposition.
Pathology:
- Weak immunity;
- Previous infectious diseases;
- External and internal infectious pathogens (streptococci, yeast, staphylococci, other microorganisms);
- Slow inflammatory-degenerative process, first in the endothelium and then in the lumen of the tubule;
- Chronic or acute pancreatic pathology;
- The appearance of bacterial blood clots;
- leukocyte infiltration;
- Psychoemotional stress, shock, nervous overload;
- Bodily injury.
- High sugar content in the urine, contributes to the reproduction of infections.
- Improper treatment of diabetes.
- Various medicines.
symptoms
Pyelonephritis in people with diabetes has various manifestations, such as:
Common symptoms:
- lower degree or significant increase in body temperature (fever);
- general weakness, severe fatigue;
- unreasonable irritability;
- decreased libido and potency;
- dry mouth;
- constant thirst;
- constipation, hyperkalemia;
- gradual weight loss or gain;
- headaches, migraines, dizziness;
- high blood pressure.
Skin manifestations:
- severe itching;
- dry mucous membranes and skin;
- abrasions;
cracks in the corners of the mouth that get wet and hurt.
Urinary system:
- urinary dysfunction;
- oliguria, dysuria;
- excruciating pain in the lumbar region on one or both sides;
- increase in the amount of urine.
Diagnostic measures
Physical examination helps to suspect inflammation before laboratory methods.
- Taking history;
- laboratory tests of blood and urine (general, biochemical);
- Visual inspection;
- Magnetic resonance therapy;
- Physical examination;
- Urine analysis for calcium, sodium, potassium, and other trace elements.
Laboratory values indicating pyelonephritis in patients with diabetes:
- High blood glucose levels;
- The appearance of protein in the urine;
- Significant increase in leukocyte count;
- The presence of sugar in the urine.
How to treat chronic pyelonephritis in diabetes?
Both diseases complicate each other.
Pyelonephritis causes decompensation of the underlying disease, causing ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, destroying insulin, and can cause diabetic coma, and diabetes complicates the detection and treatment of kidney disease.
The course is selected for each patient individually, taking into account its physiological parameters, degree, severity, characteristics of the course of the disease and secondary, as well as pathological symptoms and associated abnormal processes in the body.
Treatment of kidney disease includes:
Antibiotics are part of kidney treatment.
- antibiotics;
- antifungals;
- special diet;
- folk methods;
- exercise.
Traditional remedies
Recipes of traditional medicine are based on various organic elements such as:
Prevention methods
Diabetes patients should pay close attention to their health to avoid the onset of pyelonephritis. We must not allow the progression of the underlying disease, it must be constantly maintained in the compensatory phase.
It is important to lead a healthy lifestyle, completely give up alcohol and smoking, walk a lot outdoors, and do physical therapy. Not the last role in this process belongs to the diet, it is impossible to abuse too spicy, salty, and fried foods, it is worth including in the diet more fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
It is necessary to make tinctures, teas, and herbal teas and essences twice a year, in spring and autumn. If you follow all the rules and do not forget about the planned visits to the doctor, the treatment of pyelonephritis, as well as the alleviation of diabetes, has a favorable prognosis that will allow the patient to live long and long.
Pyelonephritis in diabetes
In diabetes, pyelonephritis can be dangerous. This term refers to inflammation of the kidneys of an infectious nature that affects both the organs themselves and their pelvis. Microorganisms are the most common cause of the illness.
In order not to be affected by the complications of pyelonephritis, it is important to consult a doctor immediately and follow all treatment recommendations.
General information
Pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis - are all inflammatory kidney diseases of different natures. Pyelonephritis is characterized by an infectious component. Various bacteria can cause this unpleasant process.
It is critical to note that pyelonephritis is the most prevalent illness in nephrology. This pathology is responsible for around two-thirds of all cases.
Kidney inflammation manifests itself in both acute and chronic forms. The lesion may affect one or two kidneys. Often, chronic pyelonephritis occurs without a pronounced clinic, which is why the patient thinks that everything is normal and does not allow the timely provision of the necessary assistance.
The nephrologist is responsible for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis and its further treatment. In the absence of timely treatment of pyelonephritis, the consequences can be more than serious, even fatal.
The onset of pyelonephritis is possible at any age, but most often children under the age of seven face this diagnosis. This is due to certain anatomical features. Young women aged 18 to 30 are also subject to this disease. The third category of popularity is older men, which is associated with prostate adenoma.
Any reason, whether organic or functional, on the background of which the body cannot excrete urine normally, increases the risk of developing the disease. Often pyelonephritis can be found in patients with urolithiasis.
The development of pyelonephritis in diabetes is also common. This is due to disorders of several body systems, which, of course, affects kidney function.
Tonsillitis and other inflammatory disorders can cause kidney inflammation. Tonsillitis in its chronic form is especially dangerous. In this case, pyelonephritis becomes a complication of this disease.
Complications of pyelonephritis are associated with the transition of the disease to a chronic one, usually associated with a late diagnosis of the disease, which is acute. Patients are already being treated on the background of impaired renal function.
Symptoms of the disease
How does pyelonephritis manifest itself in the acute phase? Like most acute forms of the disease like tonsillitis. It is a sharp deterioration in well-being, an increase in temperature to a level of 39-40 degrees. Hyperthermia is characterized by profuse sweating, lack of appetite, weakness, and headache. Sometimes nausea turns into vomiting.
For pyelonephritis the real signal is a pain in the lumbar region, the intensity can vary. Most often, pain is manifested on one side. By simply examining the patient by a doctor, tapping is performed in the back of the back.
If inflammation is present, the patient will feel sharp pain. Urine with pyelonephritis also changes. It loses uniformity and transparency and can become a bloody shade.
Urine is an important biological material for research. When pyelonephritis is detected in bacteriuria, some proteinuria, and microhematuria. It is important to donate blood for a general clinical analysis, which will detect an increase in white blood cells and ESR. Approximately one-third of blood biochemistry tests come with an increased amount of nitrogen-derived slag.
Chronic pyelonephritis is often a complication of the underlying acute phase. This is how tonsillitis behaves. However, it is impossible to exclude the development of chronicles in the primary form, when the patient's anamnesis does not have an acute form of the disease. Sometimes it is possible to accidentally detect a chronic form of the disease, to pass prophylactic tests.
Patients with pyelonephritis who have become chronic may experience weakness, lack of desire to eat, headaches, and frequent urination.
In a large number of patients pain in the lower back, manifests itself stronger in cold weather with increased humidity. As the chronic form develops, kidney function loses its ability to function normally.
As a result, the proportion of urine decreases, an increase in blood pressure occurs and kidney failure occurs. Symptoms begin to intersect with the acute course of the disease.
Popular complications
Complications of pyelonephritis are a separate category of the danger of this disease. In the absence of proper treatment, deadly complications can be encountered. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the most dangerous.
The effects of pyelonephritis can result in bacteriotoxic shock. The complication is more than serious and often accompanies obstructive pyelonephritis. The chances of a person with such a complication are 50 to 50 years. However, modern medicine is now doing a good job.
Bacteriotoxic shock is possible if treatment is incorrect. For example, an antibiotic was taken, but the doctor did not engage in rehabilitation therapy for urine leakage. As a result, the pathogenic microflora died in the urinary tract, but due to the lack of an outlet, it infected the bloodstream.
A similar complication is an asepsis, which means a blood infection. Such a complication is rare, but it is very dangerous. When pathogenic microorganisms enter the blood, infection of other organs with pus can be initiated.
The infection can spread due to treatment, which was not timely, fertilizing the scars. In this case, the probability of death is significantly increased.
What else is dangerous pyelonephritis? Renal abscess. This complication can occur at any age, regardless of gender. It is the melting of tissue by pus, which is affected by kidney disease. The greatest danger is not the abscess itself, but it's breakthrough.
If pus is poured into the abdominal cavity, purulent peritonitis is noted. In the absence of a timeline, such a complication can only be cured by the intervention of a surgeon.
After the operation, the patient will have to carry out rehabilitation measures for a long time, which seriously reduces the quality of life.
Another destructive process is papillary necrosis. Its presence directly implies the destruction of the medulla present in the kidney and the additional damage to the papillae located in the kidney. When pathological changes in the tissues of the organs occur, injuries appear.
The main cause of papilla death of the same name is a weakened blood supply, which is important for the renal medulla. This complication in its symptoms intersects with those listed earlier.
Often, fixation of necrotic papillitis occurs only after urinary tuberculosis has been ruled out. For such complications, conservative treatment is available and will be successful with timely detection of pathology.
Another melting process is para nephritis. When pyelonephritis is expressed in an acute or chronic form, the pararenal fibers may melt. This complication is formed on the background of a purulent process that is already present in the kidney.
Paranephritis is most often expressed by pain in the lumbar region. Unpleasant feelings are recorded both at rest and in motion. It is important to capture the moment of transition of pyelonephritis to parametritis in time because the complication is impossible to cure without removing the cause. Surgery is often recommended in this case, which can stop even the complete removal of the organ.
Therapy of pyelonephritis
Conservative methods are used to treat acute pyelonephritis. In this case, the patient is always in the hospital. It is about conducting antibiotic therapy. To select the most effective drugs, urine is first sent to BAC screening to determine the susceptibility of bacteria to a particular antibiotic.
Immunity is corrected concerning the background of detoxification therapy. If the patient has a fever, it is important to follow a diet that involves a reduced amount of protein. Once the temperature returns to the correct limits, you can return to your normal diet while adhering to higher amounts of fluid.
If pyelonephritis has developed as a secondary disease, for example, caused by the development of tonsillitis or ICD, then it is important to dedicate yourself to removing the obstacles that prevent the normal flow of urine. It is important to combine this trend with antibacterial therapy. Only in the complex do these two directions give the desired effect.
For the treatment of the disease in the chronic form, the same principles are applied as in the treatment of the acute process, but its duration is somewhat stretched. Therefore, it is important for chronic pyelonephritis:
- Eliminate the causes of obstructed urination and reduced blood circulation in the kidneys;
- Use antibacterial therapy taking into account the susceptibility of bacteria;
- Normalize general immunity.
Sometimes surgery can be used to restore urine output. It is this phase of therapy that enables stable remission.
In chronic therapy, pyelonephritis can last up to a year. Antibacterial therapy is administered for six to eight weeks without interruption. Only with the help of this technique, you can count on closing the purulent process in the kidney, the absence of complications, and the formation of scars.
If renal function has already been impaired, the pharmacokinetics of antibacterial drugs will need to be constantly monitored as they are toxic to the kidneys. To correct immunity as a whole, it is important to use immunostimulants and immunomodulators. When the patient achieves remission, antibiotic training is given occasionally.
Patients with chronic pyelonephritis are often referred to a spa for treatment. You must be treated with antibiotics at home after returning from the hospital. In addition, you can use an herbal remedy.
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