Women with diabetes should carefully monitor their health during pregnancy
During the first seven weeks after conception, vital organs are formed in the developing fetus. This stage - When some women are ignorant that they are pregnant - is usually regarded as the most important period of growth in human history. The critical period for diabetic mothers is on their first few weeks
Extra precautions described here conception, during pregnancy, diabetes, development of women, women with diabetes who are pregnant.
During pregnancy, cervical diabetes also does not carry the risk of maternal complications such as type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
How should diabetic women prepare for pregnancy?
Women with diabetes should have a full physical examination before becoming pregnant. As part of the test, they must provide their physician with a complete medical history, including diabetes, medications, and ingredients are taken, and a history of diabetic complications, such as neuropathy (nerve damage), nephropathy (kidney damage)Retinopathy (eye damage) and heart problems.
While high blood sugar levels in the first trimester can lead to miscarriage or uterine abnormalities, abnormal changes in the fetus during uterine development are also important for diabetic women to plan ahead and maintain excellent blood sugar control beforehand.
Before becoming pregnant, women with diabetes should have their kidney function tested.
Although the uterus does not exacerbate diabetic nephropathy, pregnant women with advanced kidney disease suffer from high blood pressure, which affects almost all body systems and ultimately puts the fetus at risk.
Do pregnant women with diabetes need special care or testing?
Pregnant women with diabetes need to carefully monitor eye care during pregnancy, such as diabetic retinopathy (damage to the blood vessels of the retina), including during pregnancy and before the complete retinal examination.
This problem occurs especially in women with poor blood glucose (sugar) control.
During pregnancy, women should measure their blood glucose daily: before and after meals, at bedtime, and at night if they are worried about hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). The American Diabetes Association recommends 80-110 mg / dL pre-food glucose measurements, with meal glucose levels below 155 mg / dL.
The urine of the diabetic pregnant woman should be tested of her glucose level is 180 mg/dL as occasionally for the chance of miscarriage as tested for ketones acids to rule out ketoacidosis
Why is managing blood sugar important for pregnant women with diabetes?
According to a 1989 study, more than 9.3% of women with a pre-pregnancy A1C value (a blood test that measures glucose levels) give birth to a baby born with a miscarriage and congenital genes. Studies suggest that up to 6% (5% are considered normal) A1C values have been linked to miscarriage and fetal abnormalities as a nonbiotic pregnancy.
Women who have higher than normal blood sugar levels have older children even if they have gestational, type 1, or type 2 diabetes.
This can lead to more injuries to the baby's shoulder and brachial plexus (nerves that connect the spine and shoulder with the neck) during childbirth.
Poorly controlled diabetes is also associated with preeclampsia (high blood pressure) and premature delivery.
Very little is known about the effect of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) on the long-term development of the fetus.
Read this How to prevent gestational diabetes
Are there any diabetes medications that should be avoided during pregnancy?
type 2 diabetes women who are on medication should go for insulin during and before pregnancy, While some oral diabetes medications have been studied and are safe in pregnancy, insulin is the best and safest method to control blood sugar during pregnancy.
Many blood pressure medications are dangerous to the fetus; Therefore, these drugs should usually be discontinued before pregnancy. Blood pressure less than 130/80 mmHg can be maintained. If blood pressure medications are absolutely necessary, women may switch to newer medications before pregnancy. In particular, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are good for blood pressure control in women not associated with diabetes; However, these are not safe when used by a woman with diabetes while pregnant. Similarly, cholesterol-lowering drugs should also be discontinued during pregnancy.
How are Diet and Exercise Performed by Pregnant Women with Diabetes?
Pregnant women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes must eat well. Generally, pregnant and nursing women with diabetes should consume 15 to 17 calories per day of body weight, although this may vary from person to person and should be discussed with the Diabetes Care Team, after pregnancy and nursing, with the Diabetes Care Team.
Significant nutritional concerns in type 1 diabetes include regular daily food intake and consumption of breakfast at bedtime and adjusting insulin according to activity and food content to prevent high or low blood sugar levels to treat hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
The most significant approach to regulating blood glucose in type 2 diabetes is through nutrition.
Women who are pregnant with type 2 diabetes should work with their diabetes care provider to establish diabetic dietician goals, such as daily calories, carbohydrates, nutritional balance in the diet, and time management during the day.
Read this what is gestational diabetes
Exercise can be helpful for pregnant women with type 2 diabetes, as it helps improve the body's response to insulin. Women with pre-pregnancy type 1 diabetes can continue to exercise during pregnancy. However, women with type 1 diabetes who are not accustomed to exercise are more likely to have hypoglycemia with exercise during pregnancy; For this reason, these women are not advised to start an exercise regimen during pregnancy.
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